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Writer's pictureKrati Sahu

UNIT-4 Technology and Public Administration in India Notes | DSC-10 BA Hons Pol.Science SEM 4



 


Concept of Good Governance

  • Involves various entities like markets, civil society, and government working together in policy making and implementation.

  • An interactive process where consensus among all stakeholders is crucial.

  • Inclusive, citizen-oriented, and democratic, aiming for public welfare.

  • Involves a complex relationship among the state, market, and civil society.

  • Institutions maintain autonomy in their fields but collaborate for common interests.

  • Provides new tools for societal, economic, and international roles, enhancing government's international standing.



Good Governance in India

  • Concepts date back to ancient India, highlighted in texts like "Arthashastra" by Kautilya.

  • Indian Constitution and government aim to embody the principles of good governance.



E-Governance: A Component of Good Governance

  • Uses ICT to transform government operations, improving efficiency and transparency.

  • Simplifying service delivery and government processes.

  • Making governance participatory and citizen-centric.

  • Bringing transparency, accountability, and responsiveness.


1. G2G (Government to Government

  • Exchange of information, data, and documents among government organizations to enhance efficiency and productivity.

  • Example: Smart Government Project in Andhra Pradesh.

  • Improves coordination, reduces duplication of efforts, and enhances decision-making across government bodies.


2. G2C (Government to Consumer

  • Provide citizens with competent and accessible public services, improving service quality and accessibility.

  • Allows citizens to interact with the government 24/7 through various channels.

  • Increases citizen satisfaction, transparency, and efficiency in service delivery.


3. G2B (Government to Business

  • Develop business-government relationships, facilitating online trading and tendering processes.

  • Streamlines business operations, reduces administrative burden, and promotes economic growth.


4. G2E (Government to Employee

  • Enhance interaction with employees, ensuring their satisfaction, performance, and effective role in governance.

  • Improves employee engagement, productivity, and overall organizational effectiveness.




5. A Model of E-Governance

  • Broadcasting Model: Focuses on disseminating information to the public, promoting transparency and informed citizenry.

  • Critical Flow Model: Aims to provide timely information to utility groups through accessible means.

  • Comparative Analysis Model: Empowers people in developing countries to participate in governance processes.

  • E-Advocacy Models: Enhances real-world interaction and policy impact through ICT.

  • Interactive Service Model: Enables direct citizen participation in decision-making, improving transparency and realism.

  • Increases public awareness, promotes citizen engagement, and strengthens democratic processes.



The Journey of E-Governance in India

  • Began in the 1970s and evolved through stages of computerization and networking.

  • Information Technology Act, 2000: Strengthened electronic communication and legitimized IT use in governance.

  • Online presence and interaction with citizens.

  • Improved quality of governance and public services.

  • Combination of governance, administration, and IT for transparency and efficiency.

  • Equal access to government information and schemes.

  • Reduced urban-rural and rich-poor gaps.



  • Increased ease of governance and accountability.

  • Low e-literacy and inadequate ICT infrastructure.

  • Language barriers in accessing information.

  • Lack of redefined procedures and laws for ICT implementation in governance.

  • Emphasis on technical capabilities rather than simplifying governance processes.

  • Legal issues related to personal liberty, privacy, and misuse of data.

  • Need for trained human resources to efficiently utilize e-governance resources and schemes.



Digital India Programme: Transforming India Through Digital Empowerment

  • Launched in 2015 by the Government of India.

  • Aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.

  • Broadband connectivity, universal access to mobile connectivity, public internet access, e-governance, electronic delivery of services, information for all, IT for jobs, and early harvest program.



Key Pillars of Digital India

  • Broadband Highways: Establish a robust broadband infrastructure for seamless connectivity.

  • Universal Access to Mobile Connectivity: Ensure mobile connectivity in all villages, improving communication and access to services.

  • Public Internet Access: Provide public internet access points in rural and remote areas, enhancing digital literacy and access.

  • E-Governance: Implement e-governance initiatives to improve service delivery and transparency.

  • Electronic Delivery of Services: Deliver government services electronically, reducing paperwork and delays.

  • Information for All: Make government information and services accessible to all citizens through digital platforms.

  • Zero Imports in Electronics Manufacturing: Promote domestic manufacturing of electronics to reduce imports and create job opportunities.

  • IT for Jobs: Skill and train people in IT-related fields, creating employment opportunities in the digital economy.

  • Early Harvest Program: Implement pilot projects to showcase the benefits of digital technology in various sectors.



Impact of Digital India

  • Improved access to government services, leading to better governance.

  • Increased digital literacy and awareness, especially in rural areas.

  • Boost to the digital economy, creating job opportunities and economic growth.

  • Enhanced transparency and accountability in government processes.



Challenges

  • Despite progress, challenges such as lack of infrastructure and e-literacy hinder full implementation of e-governance.

  • Language barriers in accessing information.

  • Legal issues related to personal liberty, privacy, and misuse of data.

  • Need for trained human resources to efficiently utilize e-governance resources and schemes.



Conclusion

  • Good Governance and E-Governance: Crucial for democratic governance, especially in the era of globalization.

  • Government of India's Efforts: Taken steps to promote e-governance, aiming to enhance technology use among government institutions, between the government and the public, and in the market.

  • Benefits to Citizens: Resulted in citizens receiving timely benefits from various facilities and schemes.

  • Challenges: Lack of infrastructure and e-literacy hinder full implementation of e-governance.

  • Overall Progress: India has made significant strides in promoting e-governance, with ongoing efforts by the government to improve its implementation.



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